01 - Preheat oven to 350°F. Grease and flour a 9-inch round or square baking pan.
02 - In a medium bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt.
03 - In a large bowl, beat softened butter and granulated sugar until light and fluffy. Add eggs one at a time, mixing well after each addition. Incorporate lemon zest, lemon juice, and vanilla extract until combined.
04 - Add half of the dry ingredients to the wet mixture, stirring gently. Mix in sour cream, then add remaining dry ingredients. Stir just until blended; avoid overmixing.
05 - Carefully fold fresh or frozen blueberries into the batter to avoid crushing.
06 - Spread the batter evenly into the prepared pan.
07 - Combine flour, sugar, cinnamon, and salt in a small bowl. Cut in cold, cubed butter until mixture resembles coarse crumbs. Sprinkle evenly over the batter.
08 - Bake in preheated oven for 40 to 45 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean.
09 - Allow cake to cool in the pan for 15 minutes. If desired, whisk powdered sugar with fresh lemon juice and drizzle over the cooled cake before serving.